Abstract

This study employs novel growth methodologies and surface sensitization with metal nanoparticles to enhance and manipulate gas sensing behavior of two-dimensional (2D)SnS film. Growth of SnS films is optimized by varying substrate temperature and laser pulses during pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thereafter, palladium (Pd), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles are decorated on as-grown film using gas-phase synthesis techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) elucidate the growth evolution of SnS and the effect of nanoparticle decoration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses the chemical state and composition. Pristine SnS, Ag, and Au decorated SnS films are sensitive and selective toward NO₂ at room temperature (RT). Ag nanoparticle increases the response of pristine SnS from 48 to 138% toward 2 ppm NO_2, which indicates electronic and chemical sensitization effect of Ag. Pd decoration on SnS tunes its selectivity toward H₂ gas with a response of 55% toward 70 ppm H₂ and limit of detection (LOD) < 1 ppm. In situ Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) maps the work function changes, revealing catalytic effect of Ag toward NO₂ in Ag-decorated SnS and direct charge transfer between Pd and SnS during H₂ exposure in Pd-decorated SnS.

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